How to Improve The Heat Dissipation Problem of PCB

For electronic equipment, a certain amount of heat is generated during operation, so that the internal temperature of the equipment rises rapidly. If the heat is not dissipated in time, the equipment will continue to heat up, and the device will fail due to overheating. The reliability of the electronic equipment performance will decrease. Therefore, it is very important to conduct a good heat dissipation treatment on PCB.

1. Add heat-dissipating copper foil and copper foil with large area power supply.

2. Thermalvias.

Thermal vias can effectively reduce the junction temperature of the device, improve the uniformity of the temperature in the thickness direction of the single board, and provide the possibility to adopt other heat dissipation methods on the back of the PCB. Through simulation, it is found that compared with non-thermal vias, thermal vias with a thermal power consumption of 2.5W, a pitch of 1mm and a center design of 6×6 can reduce the junction temperature by about 4.8°C. While the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the PCB Reduced from the original 21°C to 5°C. After the thermal via array is changed to 4×4, the junction temperature of the device has increased by 2.2°C compared with 6×6, which is worthy of attention.

3. The copper is exposed on the back of the IC to reduce the thermal resistance between the copper skin and the air.

4. PCB layout.

Requirements for high-power and thermal-sensitive devices.

• Place the heat sensitive device in the cold wind area.
• Place the temperature detection device in the hottest position.
• The components of the same PCB should be arranged as far as possible according to their calorific value and degree of heat dissipation. Components with low calorific value or poor heat resistance (such as small signal transistors, small-scale integrated circuits, electrolytic capacitors, etc.) should be placed the uppermost flow of the cooling airflow (at the entrance). The components with large heat generation or good heat resistance (such as power transistors, large-scale integrated circuits, etc.) are placed at the lowermost part of the cooling airflow.
• In the horizontal direction, high-power components are arranged as close as possible to the edge of the printed board to shorten the heat transfer path. In the vertical direction, high-power components are arranged as close as possible to the top of the PCB to reduce the impact of the temperature of other components when these components work. Impact.
• The heat dissipation of the PCB in the equipment mainly relies on air flow, so the air flow path should be studied during the design. And the components or printed circuit board should be reasonably configured. When air flows, it always tends to flow in places with low resistance, so when configuring devices on a PCB, avoid leaving a large airspace in a certain area. The configuration of multiple PCB boards in the whole machine should also pay attention to the same problem.
• The temperature-sensitive components is best placed in the lowest temperature area (such as the bottom of the device). Never place it directly above the heating components. It is best to stagger multiple devices on the horizontal plane.
• Arrange the components with the highest power consumption and the highest heat generation near the best position for heat dissipation. Do not place high-heating devices on the corners and peripheral edges of the PCB unless a heat sink is arranged near it. When designing the power resistor, choose a larger device as much as possible, and make it have enough space for heat dissipation when adjusting the layout of the printed board.