How is Printed Circuit Board Assembled? [PCB Assembly Process]

The printed circuit board is widely used in the whole machine structure due to the many unique advantages of HH54BU-100/110V. The whole machine assembly of electronic products is almost all developed with the printed circuit board as the core. The PCB assembly process is mainly to install resistors, capacitors, transistors, and various electronic components on the printed circuit board by soldering or surface mounting.

The  PCB Assembly can be divided into the following steps:

Step 1: Collect the components, spare parts, and printed circuit boards needed for preparation.

　　Step 2: Pre-processing of component leads.

　　Step 3: Clean the printed circuit board.

　　Step 4: Check whether the components and printed circuit boards perform well.

　　Step 5: Sort the components and place them in the order of assembly.

　　Step 6: According to the process requirements, install the components on the printed circuit board.

　　Step 7: Check whether the position of the components inserted on the printed circuit board is correct.

　　Step 8: Weld and fix the components.

　　Step 9: Remove residual flux residue.

　　Step 10: Check the quality and overall appearance of the solder joints.

　　Step 11: Check whether the performance of the components on the printed circuit board is normal.

　　Step 12: Repair welding of low-quality solder joints, is-welded, and missing solder joints.

　　Step 13: Conduct electrical tests according to the requirements of technical documents.

　　Step 14: Put the printed circuit board components with the required quality into storage or transfer to the next process.

Printed circuit board assembly differs according to the type of components and equipment to be installed, and the operation process is also different. Mainly can be divided into single-sided surface mounting and double-sided surface mounting, single-sided mixed mounting, and double-sided mixed mounting. Its specific operation methods can be divided into the manual insertion of components and automatic welding methods, automatic insertion of some components, and automatic welding methods.

Usually, in the prototype stage or small batch trial production of the product, the assembly of the printed circuit board is mainly completed by manual operation, which is to install the bulk components (insertion components) one by one (mainly welding operation) to On printed circuit boards, this method is inefficient and has a higher error rate.

For mass-produced products, the circuit design is more complicated, and the printed circuit board assembly generally adopts an automatic assembly line. The assembly line operation is to divide a complex work process into several simple processes, and then automatically send the assembled parts to another assembly process through the conveyor belt. The placement of the components is generally completed by automatic or semi-automatic parts wrapping machines and automatic positioning machines. , Soldering mainly relies on automatic welding by welding machines, and the entire assembly process is automatically completed by automated equipment. This assembly line assembly method can greatly improve production efficiency, reduce errors, and improve product qualification rate.

In addition, for surface-mounted components (SMC/SMD), due to their small structure and sophisticated circuits, the automated assembly process can only be completed by machines.

XPCB Ltd offers one-stop PCB assembly service, including component sourcing, PCB manufacturing, and component sourcing. We are equipped with full SMT line, screen printers, automated optical inspection, and x-ray inspection units, and highly skillful manual assembly workers for different kind of assembly jobs. To get started, click button below to have your project specialist:

(Needed file: Gerber file, BOM, Qty, Lead time)